Physiology (or physiology) is studying the vital functions of living organisms, whether their nature is biochemical, physical or mechanical. It is one of the branches of biology that studies the changes that occur to the functions of an organism.
Some doctors and scholars working in this branch of science were famous in different eras, beginning with the Pharaonic era (Imhotep), the Greek Hippocrates, the Roman Galen, the Islamic Avicenna, al-Razi, Ibn al-Nafis, and the modern era, Claude Bernard.
The word physiology is derived from two words, phsis, which means nature and the other logos, and as such, the literal meaning is the science of the study of natural function.
But it is necessary to add another word that determines the interest of this science in the types of organisms whose function it is studying; for example, there is plant physiology or the physiology of animals or humans.
Among the scientific branches of biology that have developed on physiology are biochemistry, biophysics, biomechanics, and pharmacology.
Physiology is associated with morphological sciences such as anatomy, cell science, histology, and its connection with many medical sciences and its association with psychology to form physiological psychology. What concerns us with this topic is the link between physiological science and the science of sports training.
Physiological studies depend on the observation and experimentation of living phenomena to describe and estimate them in type and quantity- or to express them in volumetric digital images with the results being recorded in written form or films. Through all of this, the physiological studies mainly aim to try to answer the following questions:
1- What is a job?
2- How to perform this job.
3- What are the factors affecting the job?
4- How to integrate this job with other jobs.
Accordingly, by answering these four questions, it is possible to study any topic of physiology.
Example / If we take the heart as a member of the circulatory system in the human body. We return to the four questions mentioned above to answer them.
1- Pumping blood to all parts of the body, providing the tissues and cells of the body with oxygen and necessary materials, is the answer to the first question.
2- Receiving the blood coming to him from all parts of the body during the period of relaxation of the heart muscle, then the contraction of his muscle followed, to push the blood back to all aspects of the body as a result of this contraction—the answer to the second question.
3- The factors affecting the job are specific to the individual ((age, gender, living conditions, emotions, sports, etc.), which is the answer to the third question.
4- The heart is associated with most of the vital processes in the body, such as providing blood movement from the blood vessels to travel to all parts of the body, the oxygen it needs, the food needed for energy production, and others.